Kidney (noun)
Definition
A kidney is an essential organ found in vertebrates, including humans. Humans typically have two kidneys, and their primary function is to filter waste products and excess substances from the blood, producing urine to eliminate these waste products from the body.
Etymology
The term “kidney” has its origins in the Old English word “cycene,” which evolved from the Old English word “cyn,” meaning “the organ that strains.” This Old English word, in turn, has Germanic roots and is related to the Old High German word “nioro” and the Old Norse word “nyra,” both of which also meant “kidney.”
Synonyms
There are no common synonyms for “kidney,” as it is a specific organ with a well-established name.
Antonyms
As “kidney” refers to a specific organ, there are no direct antonyms for the term.
Example
One unique example related to kidneys is kidney transplantation, a medical procedure in which a healthy kidney from a donor is surgically implanted into a recipient whose kidneys are failing or not functioning adequately. Kidney transplantation is a life-saving treatment for end-stage renal disease and can significantly improve the recipient’s quality of life.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
What are the main functions of the kidneys?
The kidneys perform several vital functions, including filtering waste products and excess substances from the blood to form urine, maintaining electrolyte balance, regulating blood pressure, and producing hormones that influence red blood cell production and calcium metabolism.
How does the kidney filter blood?
The kidney filters blood through millions of tiny structures called nephrons. Blood is filtered in the glomerulus, and the resulting fluid (filtrate) travels through the tubule, where essential substances are reabsorbed, and waste products become concentrated to form urine.
What is kidney disease, and what are its causes?
Kidney disease, also known as renal disease, refers to any condition that affects the structure or function of the kidneys, leading to impaired filtration and urine production. Causes of kidney disease include diabetes, hypertension (high blood pressure), infections, kidney stones, autoimmune disorders, and certain medications.
How can I maintain kidney health?
To maintain kidney health, it is essential to stay hydrated by drinking an adequate amount of water, maintaining a balanced and healthy diet, exercising regularly, avoiding smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, and managing conditions like diabetes and hypertension that can impact kidney function.
What are the symptoms of kidney problems?
Symptoms of kidney problems can include changes in urine color or volume, frequent urination, fatigue, swelling (edema) in the hands, feet, or face, back pain, and changes in blood pressure.
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